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Plants of the Week
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Taken from the B.Y.G.L. (Buckeye Yard and Garden Online) Newsletter
Contributing Authors: Pam Bennett, Joe Boggs, Cindy Meyer, Jim Chatfield, Erik Draper, Dave Dyke, Gary Gao, David Goerig, Tim Malinich, Becky McCann, Bridget Meiring, Amy Stone and Curtis Young |
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| Woody - BLACK TUPELO (Nyssa sylvatica). Black tupelo, also known as black gum, sour gum, or pepperidge, is known for its glossy, dark-green summer foliage. This tree is even more known for its outstanding autumn foliage colors of yellow, orange, bright-red, scarlet, and purple. When these trees are planted "en masse" onlookers stop in their tracks to view the spectacular sight. When mature, black tupelo can reach heights of 60-80' and close to 25' in width. Black tupelo is native to the entire eastern US, and is found in all of Ohio except for the northwestern part of the state. This tree grows best in full sun or partial sun. Black tupelo strongly prefers moist, well-drained, rich, deep, acidic soils, but adapts surprisingly well to dry, average, alkaline soils. This tree has very few pest and disease problems. |
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| VEGETABLE - SQUASH (Cucurbita spp.). The term squash generally refers to four species of the genus Cucurbita native to Mexico and Central America. These species include C. maxima (e.g. hubbard squash, buttercup squash, and specific cultivars of pumpkins, such as Big Max), C. mixta (cushaw squash), C. moschata (butternut squash), and C. pepo (most pumpkins, acorn squash, summer squash, and zucchini). In the US, people tend to lump squash into two groups corresponding to when they are typically eaten; namely, either summer or winter squash. Summer squash are best when harvested as small, immature fruit to keep both the seeds and flesh tender, and they cook easily and rapidly. Of course, there is an occasional desire to make stuffed zucchini boats, where the mature zucchini actually becomes an edible serving dish! Winter squash is allowed to fully mature and develops big seeds, firm flesh and a hard rind or skin; consequently, the preparation of winter squashes takes much longer and is much more involved in order to eat them. Gourds are in the Cucurbitaceae family, as are squashes, but they are most often used as decorations and for ornamental uses. In culinary terms, both summer and winter squashes are generally considered as vegetables, even though botanically speaking, squashes are really fruits. Squashes are considered a fruit because the edible parts are really ripened ovaries, which arise and develop from a pollinated flower. In addition to the squash fruit itself, other parts of the plant are edible. Squash seeds can be roasted and eaten directly or ground into a paste or meal to create a type of "seed" butter, and even be used as flour. Certain cultivars, particularly the hulless pumpkins seed types, can be processed to create a type of vegetable oil. If harvested very young, even the leaves, shoots, and tendrils can be eaten as greens; however, the blossoms are the most often eaten part of the squash other than the squash fruit itself. Both the male and female blossoms can be harvested before they open, or just about mid-flower, before the bloom tissue begins to dry up or break down. Regardless, squashes are both eye-pleasing and edible, so quash the urge to say "yuck" and "squash" those taste buds with a cucurbit treat soon! |
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WEED - SPURGES (Euphorbia spp.). Joe Boggs, Dave Dyke, and other BYGLers noted that lots of lawn weeds were becoming very apparent in the landscape. Two of those were spurges, PROSTRATE SPURGE (E. prostrata) and SPOTTED SPURGE (E. maculata). The spurges are summer annual weeds that reproduce from seed each spring but are most noticeable in July, August, and September. They may be identified by their white, milky sap, small, oval leaves, and a taproot. They have an open and prostrate mat-forming growth habit and branch freely from the base. Their reddish or green prostrate stems form a mat-like growth which often chokes out desirable turfgrasses. They are commonly found growing in mulch, around the edges of a lawn next to curbs, driveways, sidewalks, and may be scattered through thinning, less vigorous turfgrass. Improving lawn care practices to encourage thicker grass cover will help control these weeds. The sap from both plants is a milky latex. Some people develop a rash after coming into contact with the sap. Plants can be easily pulled and bagged if the soil is moist. Be sure to wear gloves to prevent skin-contact with the sap. |
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